Original Research Open access Published: 3 Jul 2026

Pancreatic volume loss on routine restaging CT as an earlywarning biomarker of checkpoint inhibitor–associated autoimmune diabetes: Protocol for a multicentre nested case–control study (PANC-WATCH)

Christopher Liddle, Nicole Fewings, Matteo Carlino, David A. Brown, Richard A. Scolyer, Roderick Clifton-Bligh

¹ Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, NSW, Sydney, Australia.
² Centre for Diabetes, Obesity and Endocrinology Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Sydney, Australia.
³ Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Westmead Hospital, NSW, Sydney, Australia.

Journal of Experimental & Integrative Medicine volume 14 pages 37-43 (2026)

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Received 29 Aug 2025 Accepted 27 Jun 2026 Published 3 Jul 2026 License CC BY 4.0

Keywords: Immune checkpoint inhibitors; autoimmune diabetes; diabetic ketoacidosis; pancreatic volume; computed tomography; deep learning segmentation; nested case–control study

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Liddle, C., Fewings, N., Carlino, M. et al. Pancreatic volume loss on routine restaging CT as an earlywarning biomarker of checkpoint inhibitor–associated autoimmune diabetes: Protocol for a multicentre nested case–control study (PANC-WATCH). J. Exp. Integr. Med. 14, 37–43 (2026). https://www.jeim.org/articles/2614210

Liddle, C., Fewings, N., Carlino, M., Brown, D. A., Scolyer, R. A., & Clifton-Bligh, R. (2026). Pancreatic volume loss on routine restaging CT as an earlywarning biomarker of checkpoint inhibitor–associated autoimmune diabetes: Protocol for a multicentre nested case–control study (PANC-WATCH). Journal of Experimental & Integrative Medicine, 14(2), 37–43. https://www.jeim.org/articles/2614210

Christopher Liddle, et al.. "Pancreatic volume loss on routine restaging CT as an earlywarning biomarker of checkpoint inhibitor–associated autoimmune diabetes: Protocol for a multicentre nested case–control study (PANC-WATCH)." Journal of Experimental & Integrative Medicine, vol. 14, no. 2, 2026, pp. 37–43, https://www.jeim.org/articles/2614210.

Christopher Liddle, Nicole Fewings, Matteo Carlino, et al.. "Pancreatic volume loss on routine restaging CT as an earlywarning biomarker of checkpoint inhibitor–associated autoimmune diabetes: Protocol for a multicentre nested case–control study (PANC-WATCH)." Journal of Experimental & Integrative Medicine 14, no. 2 (2026): 37–43. https://www.jeim.org/articles/2614210.

Liddle C, Fewings N, Carlino M, Brown DA, Scolyer RA, Clifton-Bligh R. Pancreatic volume loss on routine restaging CT as an earlywarning biomarker of checkpoint inhibitor–associated autoimmune diabetes: Protocol for a multicentre nested case–control study (PANC-WATCH). J. Exp. Integr. Med.. 2026;14(2):37-43. Available from: https://www.jeim.org/articles/2614210

@article{iddle2026pancreaticvolume,
  title = {Pancreatic volume loss on routine restaging CT as an earlywarning biomarker of checkpoint inhibitor–associated autoimmune diabetes: Protocol for a multicentre nested case–control study (PANC-WATCH)},
  author = {Liddle, Christopher and Fewings, Nicole and Carlino, Matteo and Brown, David A. and Scolyer, Richard A. and Clifton-Bligh, Roderick},
  journal = {Journal of Experimental & Integrative Medicine},
  year = {2026},
  volume = {14},
  number = {2},
  pages = {37--43},
  url = {https://www.jeim.org/articles/2614210},
}